Desktop support interview questions and answers
Today I m tell us some Hardware and networking Questions .May be use this Questions for Job interviews and recruiter.
Q. What is an operating system?
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A. Operating system works as an interpreter between
computer Hardware and application. Operation system works as a user
interface.
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Q. Types of Operating systems?
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A. There are two types of operating systems
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1. SOS: Simple Operating System as for
example-Windows 95,98, ME
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2. NOS: Network Operating System as for
example-Windows NT, 2000, 2003.
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Q. What is server?
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A. Server are computer that provides the services. As for
Example:
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1. DNS Server
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2. WINS Server
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3. DHCP Server
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4. RAS Server
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5. VPN Server
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Q. What is RAS Server?
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A. RAS stands for Remote Access Server. It is basically use
for mobile user in the network. This server provides the access connectivity
for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are connected to server
through telephone line. This server also provides the connectivity between
two more offices in the network.
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Q. What is VPN Server?
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A. VPN Stands for Virtual Private Network. It is basically
use for mobile user in the network. This server provides the remote access
connectivity for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are
connected to server through internet. This server also provides the
connectivity between two or more office in the network. VPN is cost effective
(No Costly).
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Q. What is IAS Server?
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A. IAS stands for Internet Authentication Services. IAS
server is also known as RADIUS Server. IAS Server provides the centralized
management of multiple RAS & VPN Server in the Network. On this Server
Remote Access Policy and Remote Access logging options are available.
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Q. FAT/NTFS?
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A. there is major difference are available between FAT and
NTFS file systems Such as:
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FAT:
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•
FAT Stands
for File Allocation Table
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There are
three categories in FAT file system. FAT FAT-16 FAT-32
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In FAT Not
up to folder level security is available
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Compression
option is not available
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Encryption
Option is not available
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Disk Quota
Option is not available
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FAT
supported by all of the Microsoft Based Operating Systems.
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NTFS:
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•
NTFS stands for
New Technology File Systems
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There are
three categories in NTFS file systems NTFS 4.0-NT Operating Systems NTFS
5.0-2000 Operating Systems NTFS 6.0-2003 Operating Systems
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In NTFS up
to File level security is available
•
Compression
option is available
•
Encryption
option is available
•
Disk Quota
Option is available
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NTFS
supported by only limited Microsoft Based Operating System
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Q. What is the difference between
Windows NT/2000/2003?
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A. There is many differences are available between Windows
NT, 2000 and 2003 O/S, such as NT:
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•
There is no
active directory
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There is no
tree/forest hierarchical structure is available
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There is no
site relationship
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There is no
parent domain and child domain concepts are available in the network/
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NT support
NTFS 4.0 file system
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NT support
NTLM version 2 LAN Authentication Protocol
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In NT by
default no trust relationship are configured
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In NT we
will use System Policy
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In NT
specific Client site Operation system is available i.e. NT Workstation 4.0
Edition
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In NT we
will use Exchange 5.5 Server
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In NT we can
create only one way trust relationship inside the network
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2000:
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• There is Active Directory
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• Tree/Forest Hierarchical
Structure are available
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• There is Site Relationship is
available
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• There
is parent domain and child domain concept are available
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• 2000
Support NTFS 5.0 file system
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• 2000
Support Kerberos version 5.0 authentication protocol
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• In
2000 by default Two-way Trust Relationship are configured
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• In
2000 we will use Group Policy
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• 2000
support maximum 32 Processor and 64 GB Ram
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• In
2000 Specific client site operating system is available i.e. 2000
Professional
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• In
2000 we will use Exchange 2000 server
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• In
2000 no stub zone is available in DNS
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• In
2000 Resultant Setup Policy is not available
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• In
2000 GPMC is not available
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• In
2000 Conditional forwarding option is not available
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• In
2000 Effective Permission option is not available
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• In
2000 only some Administrative Command Line Tools are available
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• Active
Directory saved query option is not available
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• Shadow
copy Option is not available in windows 2000 Operating System
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• ASR
Option is not available in Windows 2000 operating System
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• In
Windows 2000 we can create Maximum 1 DFS Root on a single DFS Server in the
network.
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• In
2000 we can create two way trust relationship inside the network
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2003:
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•
There is
Active Directory
•
Tree/Forest
Hierarchical Structure are available
•
There is
site relationship is available
•
There is
parent domain and child domain concept are available
•
2003 support
NTFS 6.0 File system
•
2003 support
Kerberos 5.0 Authentication Protocol
•
In 2003 we
will use group policy
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2003 support
maximum 64 Processor and 64 GB RAM
•
In 2003 no
specific client site Operating System is available you can use either windows
2000 Professional either Windows XP Professional in the network
•
In 2003 we
will use Exchange 2003 Server
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In 2003 Stub
Zone is available in DNS
•
In 2003 GPMC
is available
•
In 2003
Resultant Setup Policy is available
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In 2003
Conditional Forwarding option is available
•
In 2003
Effective Permission option is available
•
Active
Directory Saved Query option is available
•
Shadow Copy
option is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
•
ASR Option
is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
•
In Windows
2003, we can create more than 1 DFS Root on A single DFS Server in the
Network
•
In 2003 we
can create two way Trust Relationship inside the network
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Q. What is Active Directory?
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A. Active Directory is the main concept of Windows
2000/2003 Network. it stores all of the information about the whole network
such as users, printers, computers etc.
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Q. What is tree?
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A. A group of domain is called tree and sharing a
contiguous Name Space.
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Q. What is forest?
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A. A group of tree is called forest and does not sharing a
contiguous name space but sharing a common configuration (Schema).
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Q. Difference between D.C. and
A.D.C.?
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A. D.C. stands for Domain Controller and A.D.C. stands for Additional
Domain Controller. A.D.C. is a backup of D.C. Only one different is available
between D.C. and A.D.C. i.e. – Operation master Role. On D.C. all of five
Operation Master Roles are available
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1. Schema Master
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2. Domain Naming Master
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3. RID Master
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4. PDC Emulator
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5. Infrastructure Master
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But on A.D.C. only Three Operation
Master Role are Available:
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1. RID Master
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2. PDC Emulator
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3. Infrastructure Master
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Q. What is the benefit of Child
Domain?
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A. There are many benefits of Child Domain Such As:
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1. Security Boundary
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2. Administrative Overhead Low
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3. Network Traffic Low
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Q. What is Group?
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A. Group is a collection of user account. It provides the
simplified administration in the network.
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Q. What is OU?
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A. OU stands for Organizational Unit. On OU we define group
Policy in the network. Group policy is basically assigned on active directory
container i.e. Site, domain, OU. When ever we want some users then we put
that user in the OU and assign the appropriate Group Policy on that OU.
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Q. What is Group Policy?
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A. Group Policy provides the stream line access to all of
the users in the network. Group policy is basically assigned on active
directory container i.e. Site, Domain and O.U. When ever we want some users
in the network do not use shut down the system, do not use run command, do
not use Control Panel, then we put that user in the OU and assign the
appropriate Group Policy on that OU.
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Q. Difference between permission,
rights and policy?
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A. Permission: permission is basically assigned on network
resources as for example – file, folder, share folder, printer. Right: Right
is basically assign to users and groups. Policy: Policy is basically assigned
on active directory container i.e. – Site, Domain, OU.
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Q What is ISA Server?
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A. ISA stands for Internet Security Acceleration. ISA
server provides the internet connectivity for all of the users in network ISA
Server also works as proxy Server in the network. With the help of ISA Server
Administrator can filtering a client request for a specific web site in the
network.
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Q. What is Default Gateway?
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A. Default Gateway is the IP address of router in the
network. When ever any clients want to go to another network that query will
forward to default gateway.
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Q. What is site?
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A. A site is a geographical area where all of the domains
are available. Site manages the replication traffic between two or more
different sites in the network.
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Q. What is Operation Master Role?
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A. Operation Master Role is available on Domain Controller
in the Network. There are five types of operation master roles:
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1. Schema master
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2. Domain Naming Master
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3. RID Master
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4. PDC Emulator
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5. Infrastructure Master
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Q. Difference between Mixed Mode
and Native Mode?
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A. There are two types of domain mode:
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1. Mixed Mode: In this mode NT, win 2000 and win 2003 D.C. are available.
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2. Native Mode: there are two types of native mode.
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i. Win 2000 Native Mode: In this mode win 2000 and win 2003
DC are available.
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ii. Win 2003 Native mode: in this mode only win 2003 DC are
available.
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Q. What is SCSI?
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A. SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface. In SCSI
the rate of data transmission is fast. SCSI Hard Disk Speed R.P.M. is fast in
SCSI Data Transmission speed is 320 MBPS in the Network. In SCSI Controller
We can connect Maximum 15 Physical Devices in the System.
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Q. What are A-Host Record and PTR
Record?
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A. A record is also called host record. This record is
basically created in forward lookup Zone PTR record is also called a Pointer
record. This record is basically created in reverse lookup Zone
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Q. What is reservation?
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A. Reservation is basically used in DHCP Server. When Ever
we want this computer is always received this IP address from DHCP Server in
the network, in the network, in that case we create a reservation in DHCP
Server of that particular computer in the network.
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Q. IP Address Range/Classes?
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A. There are two types of IP address:
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Class Full IP Address – There are
five classes:
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Q. Difference between Hardware Router &
Software Router?
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A. Hardware Router: Hardware Router is a dedicated Router. It’s
having a lot of feature such as Security, dedicated routing in the
networking. As for Example Cisco Router.
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Software Router: Software Router is not a
dedicated router. It provides the different services also such as DNS Server,
DHCP Server i.e. Windows Based Router.
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Q. Difference between Hardware Firewall and
Software Firewall?
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A. Hardware Firewall: It is a dedicated firewall. A lots of security
features are available on hardware based firewall. As for Example-Cisco Pix
Firewall.
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Software Firewall: It is a dedicated firewall.
It provides the normal security in the network-Check Point.
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Q. What is Domain Controller?
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A. D.C. stands for Domain Controller. It provides the centralized
management of entire domain in the network. When ever we will install active
directory database on a server side operating system, then after that system
becomes a D.C. Domain controller manages all security related interaction
between users and computers in the network.
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Q. What is B Router?
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A. B Router stands for Bridge Router. We can say this is a layer three
bridge that provides the communication between two or more different network
ID.
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Q. What is a Bridge?
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A. Bridge is a layer 2 network device that provides the communication
within the same network ID. In bridge maximum 16 ports are available.
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Q. Difference between Gateway and Router?
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A. Router works on same network architecture but Gateway works on different
network architecture.
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Q. What is POP Server/SMTP Server?
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A. POP Stands for Post Office Protocol. It is basically use for mail
receiving purpose in the network. SMTP Stands for Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol. It is basically use for sending a mail as well as receiving a mail
in the network.
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Q. What is Active Directory Partitions?
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A. Active Directory Partition is a logical Partition of Active
Directory. This Partition is basically use for replication from D.C. to A.D.
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C. & D.C. to G.C.S. (Global Catalog Server)
in the network. There are three Types of Active Directory Partition:
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1. Schema Partition
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2. Configuration Partition
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3. Domain Partition
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Q. Types of Active Directory Partitions?
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A. There are Three types of Active Directory Partitions:
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1. Schema Partition
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2. Configuration Partition
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3. Domain Partition
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Q. What is the function of Ping Command?
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A. Ping provides to check the Physical IP Connectivity between two or
more devices in the network. Ping sends an ICMP request from source Computer
to destination computer and destination computer sends an ICMP reply.
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Q. What are Broadcasting, Multicasting and
unicasting?
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A. Broadcasting – one to all Multicasting -one to many not all Unicasting
-One to One.
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Q. What is Group Nesting?
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A. When we add two or more Groups within a Single Group. It is called
Group Nesting.
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Q. What is FIXMBR?
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A. FIXMBR Repair the Master boot record of the Partition Boot Sector.
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Q. What is FIXBOOT?
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A. FIXBOOT write a new partition boot sector on to the system
partition.
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Q. What is SID?
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A. SID stands for Security Identifier. Every object has a unique ID, it
is called SID.
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Q. What is RADIUS Server?
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A. RADIUS Stands for Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service, RADIUS
Server Provides the Centralized Management of Multiple RAS & VPN Server
in the network. On this Server Remote Access Policy and Remote Access Logging
Options are available.
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Q. What is Trusting Domain?
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A. In Trusting Domain Resources are available.
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Q. What is Trusted Domain?
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A. In Trusted Domain User Account’s are available.
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Q. What is Microsoft Exchange Server?
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A. Microsoft Exchange Server is Software that
provides the services such as sending & receiving the Mail.
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Q. What is Printer?
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A. Printer is a Software that Governing the print Device. There are two
types of Printer:
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1. Local Printer
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2. Network Printer
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Q. What is Chatting?
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A. Chatting is a Real Time Conversation between two or more people in
the network.
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Q. What is Directory Services restore mode?
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A. When our Active Directory Database is not working properly, then we
restart the domain Controller and press f8 key. Then after Selecting the
Directory services restore mode and then after restoring the active directory
database from the last backup.
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Q. What is Normal Backup?
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A. Just like a normal backup by default Backup.
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Q. What is incremental backup?
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A. In incremental backup only incremental parts are backup not full
backup.
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Q. What is differential backup?
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A. In differential backup, we take full backup after the normal backup.
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Q. What is packet?
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A. A packet is a logical grouping of information that includes a header
which contains location information and user data.
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Q. What is forwarder?
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A. It is basically use in DNS Server. When client query to the DNS
Server. In that case if the DNS is having a best results then DNS Server give
the best result. To the client computer in the network otherwise DNS
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