Cisco Certified Network Associate

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To day we tell ,CCNA( Course of  Certified Network Associate).by Cisco, and 18-Networking-Solutions Provide information form CCNA Site,Some experts, and Some networking institute



1)      Introduction

2)      OSI (Open System Interconnection) Reference Model

3)      Network Devices
           
·         Types of Communication
·         Cards
·         LAN & WAN Concept

4)      IP Addressing & Concepts

·         IPv4 
·         IPv6  
·         Subneting
·         Superneting
·         Variable Length Subnet Scheme (VLSM)
·         And Operation

5)      C.D.P

6)      IOS Boot up Sequence

·         IOS
·         Upgrading
·         Dual (Booting)

7)      IP Routing

·         Static Route
·         RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
·         IGRP (Internet Gateway Routing Protocol)
·         EIGRP (Enhance Internet Gateway Routing Protocol)
·         OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

8)      Switching

·         VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)
·         STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

9)      ACL (Access Control List)

10)    WAN (Wide Area Network) Router as a Switch

11)    Frame Relay

12)    NAT & PAT   Private & Public

13)    WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)

14)    VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol)

15)    Cabling



 Introduction-
(Cisco Certified Network Associate)

Cisco is company of network,and many company are list like .  there are many companies i.e. Cisco, Motorola, Simons, Microsoft, but configurations are same. Cisco has 87% shares on infrastructure of IP. It is said that if you send any small information on Internet, this is impossible that this information do not pass through the Cisco Devices.


Certified
            
 




  1. Connectivity
  2. Communication



  Associate
 this is level in this line.Associate is the first level
 Network
Our whole lab is aroud the one word i.e. "network".
 " Connectivity of two or more than two devices.so that you can communication with each other,you can exchange the sources or share the information is called networking" it has two parts:

1.Connectivity 
2. Communication


Medium may any (copper, wire and wave) for the connectivity and communication. Connectivity is due to the Hardware and communication is due to the Software.



Example

There is a telephone line connected to your home telephone set from PTCL exchange. Is this a network? No, because there is only connectivity but not communication. If an other person talks with you, it is communication. Here the both parts fulfil the definition. Now, you can say the “Network”.                                                                                                                           




Avoid Wrong Concept

If you use the modem in between the telephone exchange and your computer, then modem converts the analog signals into digital to analog signals, this concept is wrong.            



Modem

The basic purpose of modem is modulation and demodulation. 


Modulation & Demodulation

Example
           
If you take a page and throw away with full capacity then this page (Information) will not travel more. But if you use a stone covered by paper (Information) then this paper will covered long distance with high speed. When this paper reached to other side, unwanted information (Stone) is removed to get information (Paper).
Insertion of carrier (Stone) into information for covering long distance is called “Modulation”. And distraction of carrier unwanted information is called “Demodulation







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